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management consultants get it right…and wrong

Back in May, Bob Pickard posted a piece on whether management consultants make good PR people.  His conclusion was that, while management consultants may see PR as an “easy” discipline that they can easily add on to their portfolio, in fact the skills that make a good corporate communicator are many and varied and require years of experience to acquire.

Well, if you can’t join ‘em, beat ‘em.  I was surprised to read a piece by an influential management consultancy this morning that claimed that branding is “too important” to be left to the marketing and communications departments and instead should be elevated to a strategic level in the organization – essentially the level at which these ‘big brains’ operate.

“[M]any enlightened organizations are moving branding entirely away from communications and toward connecting strategy, culture, and a wider stakeholder involvement. They recognize that branding is a process that is too important to be left just to the marketing or communications department. These organizations have understood that brand building (even if the terminology of branding is not used) is a participative process involving the whole organization and is the responsibility of all employees.”

In this assertion they are absolutely right.  Branding is a strategic imperative for companies and brand building is a collaborative process.  However, they are also spectacularly wrong when they assert that this is not a communications discipline.  It is the very essence of communications to manage the “continuous dialogue between customers and employees — both online and offline” that shape and define the common brand.

They argue that consumers are losing trust in brands.  This is generally true, but more a function of the fact the the online conversation facilitates and encourages the examination and discussion of brand promises.  Within this environment companies are finding new ways to build and retain trust – look at Zappos for a compelling example – by incorproating communication into the business strategy, not by excluding the communicators.

To the challenge of restoring trust in brands the management consultants offer the following five axioms:

1. Content not communication. It is what you produce and how you deliver it that matters if you want to build a relationship with customers. Advertising is sexy, PR is influential, and design is uplifting; but it is the substance of what you do that matters most. As media fragments and services become more dominant, the way companies interact with people and the products and services they deliver will increasingly influence consumers’ perceptions of brands.

Well, yes.  Communication without content is irrelevant, but so too is content without communication.  Yes, media is fragmenting and yes, company interactions with consumers will influence perceptions of the brand.  That is what we communicators were saying ten years ago.  Unfortunately the world moves on.  Company actions are today viewed through the distorting lens of civil society, not through the narrow field of view presented by direct interactions.  It is the role of communicators to understand these currents and advise the senior executives on how to shape business decisions accordingly.  In this field, the communicators are the strategists.

2. Mind your language. Be aware that the language of branding is a turnoff inside many organizations, and that the hyperbole of marketing communications is increasingly ineffectual. Now that we are all creators through Facebook and YouTube and blogs, we better understand the language of persuasion. Increasingly, we can also see through organizational facades to the reality, so more transparency is required.

“The language of persuasion” is the language of professional communicators.  Yes, the bold, brash promises of advertising are losing credibility, but did anyone ever truly believe that Kenny Rogers actually produces, objectively and verifiably, the world’s best chicken? Laws around the world exempt advertising ‘puffery’ from regulations regarding accuracy of disclosure because the lawmakers understand that the average consumer accepts that the promises are inflated.  Public relations professionals are generally held to a higher standard – we have to practice in an environment of honesty and transparency if we are going to be credible.  Invariably we are prevented from doing so by the restrictions of other forces within the business.   In this field the communicators are the strategists.

3. Let go. The brand is not something that can be controlled by managers. It is employees and increasingly customers who self-manage brands. Managers and writers have long been seduced by the idea that marketing plans can be developed and implemented in a vacuum, but the reality of our socially mediated world is that brands are created by a diverse group of people.

Absolutely correct – brands are no longer managed, they are curated through a diverse array of content delivered in an increasingly targeted manner via multiple direct and mass channels.  They may be owned by companies, but they are managed and evolve through the actions of a myriad stakeholders – consumers, employees, evangelists and detractors.  The challenge for brands – and a challenge that many brands are embracing – is how to channel and focus the wisdom of the masses into the development of viable products, services and delivery channels.  This needs to be done through engagement and managed conversations.  In this field, the communicators are the strategists.

4. Open up. There is a greater requirement to make the brand open to the influence of others. In the future, the required expertise of a brand manager will be to listen, to absorb, and to share. Traditionally this receptivity to the outside world has been derived from market research, but the movement toward co-creation has led to the direct involvement of consumers in defining products and services and the way brands are delivered. The most important mental shift here is to stop seeing users as an object and to start seeing them as a source of creativity and value creation.

Among the many areas of expertise required by a professional communicator are the abilities to listen, to absorb and to share.  I’m not to going repeat the point I made above about harnessing the wisdom of the masses through dialogue-driven engagement, but the idea that this somehow replaces market research is a fallacy.  Tapping into the stream informs and refines market research, but ultimately businesses need to base decisions on a high degree of certainty of outcome.  When we talk about Evidence-Based communications at Burson-Marsteller, that is what we mean.  Of course, the explosion of social media gives us many more sources through which to direct the research but, as communicators, it is part of our task to evaluate which channels are credible and which are not to ensure that we obtain research that can guide business decisions.  In this field, the communicators are the strategists.

5. Just do it. As Nike’s famous slogan implies, accept that there will be successes and failures. Learn from open source practices, and experiment. The emergence of new approaches to branding doesn’t require organizations to change their whole modus operandi. The point is to try things; to experiment with openness and to find out how the culture and strategy of your organization can best engage with customers.

The world is changing at a pace that few businesses can possibly match.  Organizations were just getting used to the idea of corporate websites when blogs came along.  Companies were just getting used to blogs when social media sites arrived.  Companies have not really started to fully understand social media sites and now Twitter is upping the stakes even further.  Yes, companies should “just do it” but they also need to accept that things will go wrong when they do so.  The online community is comparatively forgiving if mistakes are accepted in an attitude of openness and transparency, in real time and through dialog.  In embracing the chaos, companies need to be guided by an understanding of the communications risks and rewards and prepared to manage the impact of a mistake, large or small.  In this field, the communicators are the strategists.

What the article tries to do is move corporate and brand communications away from the communicators and place it in the sphere of the strategists.  This is a mistake.  The real imperative is to move communications – PR, marketing and advertising – up to a strategic level within the organization, usually under the aegis of the CMO.  That is how companies will better equip themselves to understand the shifting social and media landscape and adapt themselves and their organizations accordingly.

The other imperative lies with us as communicators.  We must place a greater premium on our ability to set, measure and achieve tangible business outcomes.  Ten years experience as a journalist and a folder full of name cards is not sufficient qualification for a public relations professional.  The onus is on us to step up to the plate and demonstrate that, when it comes to managing the reputation of an organization and its brands, the communicators – not the management consultants – are the strategists.

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words of wisdom: sir martin sorrell

At the risk of looking like a hopeless sycophant, I came across a perspective from WPP group CEO Sir Martin Sorrell today on the imperative for professional services businesses – and particularly those in the marketing communications industry – to invest in training.

I thought it was interesting not only because training is a part of my remit at Burson-Marsteller but because one of the most consistent answers I get from job interviewees when asked “Why do you want to join the firm?” is “Because I want to learn.”

“In our industry we win a piece of business and we steal people from the competition.  There is no desire to continuously train.

Our industry is very poor in the management of talent. The biggest issue is finding the right people, keeping them and motivating them.

I still think that Goldman Sachs and McKinsey are some of the finest in talent management.  They consistently recruit and train the best people.  There is no accident to their success because some hell or high water, recession or bust, they are recruiting the best people, training and developing them. It’s fundamental and our industry still does not get it.”

At the end of the day, the responsibility for professional development lies largely with the professional.  The company should, of course, provide training on core skills and capabilities.  More importantly, though, knowledge workers need to be given the explicit mandate and the necessary support to to pursue their own learning agendas.

Unfortunately, the public relations industry does not attract the kinds of fees that Goldman Sachs and McKinsey do, and so our financial investments in training are necessarily more modest.  However, the cost of building an environment that values and supports individual learning is comparatively low.

We generally hire people who want to learn.  So long as we provide them the opportunities to do so and encourage them to take advantage of those opportunities, we will tend to retain those people.  However when we put the short term needs of the business ahead of the desire of our people to further their own professional development, we alienate the very people we want to retain.

We also inhibit their ability to provide our clients with the best work.

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life through the rear view mirror

An old saw about early racing drivers is that they ripped out their rear view mirrors because they didn’t need to see where they’d been, only where they were going.  I’m not sure if that’s still true – I imagine that being able to see what’s coming up behind you is pretty useful even at 200 mph – but as a guide to life it is inadequate.  While it’s not a good idea to dwell on the past, life does seem to move in cycles and knowing where we came from is a pretty good guide to how to manage the future.

On the first day of my new job with Burson-Marsteller, I’ve been reflecting on how I got to this point.

I first joined Burson-Marsteller ten years ago, as the culmination of a series of decisions that began when I left the UK in 1994 for Korea, knowing little about where I was going or what I was going to do when I got there.  After a number of jobs in which I gravitated toward toward marketing communications, Burson helped me formalize what I already understood about the PR discipline and expand my professional capabilities.  When the disaster area that was my personal life at the time made my continued tenure at Burson financially non-viable (a long story!), it was my training at Burson that allowed me to take up my role at Kia Motors.

Kia also gave me an opportunity to work with Bob Pickard, who was instrumental in facilitating my transition into Edelman when I left Korea and who is now one of the primary reasons why I’m moving back to Burson.  Another reason is the opportunity to continue working with some of the very talented people who were my former colleagues at Edelman.

In a lot of ways coming back to Burson-Marsteller feels like coming home – or at least coming full circle.  It’s a great firm – a lot stronger in Asia-Pacific than it’s often given credit for being and still rather reluctant to blow its own horn, but the great sense of community and the strong intellectual commitment that I recall from my early years with the firm is still very much in evidence.

The point of the rear view mirror analogy is that looking back has value.  Not every decision I’ve made in the 16 years since I got on the aeroplane at Newcastle has turned out positively, but for every bad experience there have been many positive outcomes which have culminated in bringing me to this next stage in my career.  I don’t regret any decision I have made, but I don’t dwell on the difficulties.  At the end of the day, you get more of what you focus on.  Some of the the lessons I have learned over the course of my career have been hard, even painful, but without them I would not be starting this new job today.

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human beings addicted to communication: study

In pre-industrial societies or other cultures with no formal legal system, those individuals who transgressed the rules of society were often punished through some form of ostracism – the deliberate and systematic alienation of the individual from contact with their family, friends and neighbours.  The punishment could be temporary or permanent.

As someone who has experienced a limited from of ostracism while at school, I can testify to the damaging effect being cut off from normal social interaction has on a person.  In my case my grades suffered, I became significantly more introverted and I still find unfamiliar social situations difficult and intimidating.  In aboriginal Australian societies there are reports of ostracised people actually dying as a result.

So I was rather surprised to read an article claiming that U.S. students are suffering from Internet addiction, based on the findings of an experiment that involved having 200 students give up all forms of media – Blackberries, laptops, TV, phones, e-mail, Facebook – for 24 hours.  The experimenters noted that,

“…after 24 hours many showed signs of withdrawal, craving and anxiety along with an inability to function well without their media and social links.

The conclusion trotted out by the media is that American teens are addicted to the Internet.  What the University of Maryland study actually says is that it was the students themselves who said they were addicted;

“But we noticed that what they wrote at length about was how they hated losing their personal connections. Going without media meant, in their world, going without their friends and family (emphasis mine). ”

To me, the point is not that they are ‘addicted’ to the Internet but that the Internet has substantially altered the way young people in particular interact with society at large.  For a generation that grew up with a keyboard and a screen as their primary vehicle of communication, giving up those channels amounts to social ostracism.  It’s not surprising they felt withdrawn – ask someone in the 1980s to go for 24 without TV, radio or telephones and then not talk to anyone and you’d probably get the same result.

Calling it Internet addiction is missing the point – we are increasingly Internet dependent in the same way that we have become electricity dependent.  What we are addicted to is the ability and freedom to communicate with our peers.  Take that away from us and, like every other human being, we suffer as a result.

Of course, there are extreme cases, such as the Korean couple who let their baby starve to death while they played computer games, but I would hazard a guess that their problems went far beyond the Internet.  There were obsessive individuals before the Internet was born and there continue to be obsessive people today.  It’s simply that the object of their obsession is a computer or, more specifically, an online experience.

The lesson for companies in all of this is that young people interact with the world in a manner that is substantially different from the experience of those executives trying to reach them.  In one telling example the researchers note that,

“Students in the Maryland study also showed no loyalty to news programs, a news personality or news platform. They maintained a casual relationship to news brands, and rarely distinguished between news and general information (emphasis mine).”

But ultimately, said one researcher,

“They care about what is going on among their friends and families and even in the world at large.”

That’s not addiction.  That’s what it means to be human.

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the meaning of your communication is the response that you get

Continuing from my last post on the core assumptions of the leading mindset, the first filter I discussed was the idea that the meaning of your communication is the response that you get, not the necessarily the response that you intend.  This resulted in some conversation after the presentation as whether this assertion was, in fact, ‘right’.

“Sometimes you can communicate something very clearly but the other person just doesn’t get it.”

QED

The point about these assumptions (which are drawn from the Presuppositions of Neurolinguistic Programming, by the way), is that it doesn’t matter if the assumption is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’.  The power of the assumption is that it allows us to consider an alternative possibility that may substitute improvement for blame.

We’ve all given someone a set of instructions and walked away convinced that we communicated clearly what we wanted.  The other person likely walked away convinced they understood clearly what we wanted.  And yet the result is not what we expected.  A typical response to this is along the lines of “You’re so dumb – how could you not understand a simple instruction?”

There are two perspectives on any interaction – there is what you intend to communicate and there is what the other person actually receives.  Most importantly, it is the latter perspective that defines the result.  In other words, you can see how effectively you communicate by observing the extent to which the results you get meet your expectations.  If you don’t get the result you expect, consider asking yourself “How might I communicate this more effectively so the other person understands my meaning no matter what?”

Leaders take 100% responsibility for their communications.  By assuming that the meaning of your communication is the response that you get, you constantly challenge yourself to find better, more effective ways to get your message across.

You can view the original presentation at Prezi.com.

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core assumptions of the leading mindset

I thought it was worth expanding on my last post and covering the five core assumptions of the leading mindset that were in my Toastmasters presentation (since a few people got left behind at this point.) Before I get into that, though, what exactly does “core assumptions of the leading mindset” actually mean?

Essentially, the core assumptions are lenses through which we view the world and, specifically, our interactions with other people. The core assumptions are not necessarily true or false – they simply provide a starting position that enables a conversation to proceed at a productive level and avoids unpleasant confrontation. The core assumptions are distilled from observing effective behaviors in highly competent leaders, hence “leading mindset”.

Whenever we interact with other people we perceive their actions and their responses to our conversational cues through a series of perceptual filters. What is our opinion of their dress style and physical appearance? What kind of a day are we having? How comfortable are we even having this conversation?

None of these filters represents “the truth” – but they do affect the way we respond to others. Simply put, I’m more likely to accept financial advice advice from someone wearing a business suit that someone in beach shorts and Birkenstocks for no other reason than the fact that my internal filter says to me that someone wearing a good suit knows more about financial planning than someone wearing sandals. Not necessarily true, but the perception will frame the conversation.

One common filter is the “right / wrong” filter. We go into a conversation thinking (usually) that we are “right” and the other person is “wrong”. This filter can lead to blaming behaviour, aggressive / defensive reactions, heightened emotions and resentment.

To avoid that, the core assumptions encourage leaders to go into any given situation with a different mindset. From assuming that the other person did something wrong, we work on the assumption that no-one is broken and that the other person performed exactly as their model of the world said they should. If the outcome is not what we expect then the most effective solution is to target the process not the people. The core assumptions therefore help leaders be soft on people and tough on problems.

That is not to say that people don’t make mistakes – of course they do. It is not to say that people may not be competent to do their jobs – of course they may. It simply means that the opening assumption is not that “Something went wrong and therefore someone is to blame.” If you accept that the task of a leader is to inspire others, then the core assumptions are a tool that help the leader to encourage people to perform to their highest capacity.

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on leadership and public speaking

The day after I got back from the UK I was privileged to be invited to address the second semi-annual convention of Toastmasters in Indonesia.  I’ve been a Toastmaster for some time, firstly with Seoul Toastmasters and currently with British Toastmasters Club in Jakarta, but selecting a topic to present after lunch to a room packed with seasoned speakers was something of a challenge – especially given that I had a week to do it in.

Since Toastmasters is as much about leadership as it is about public speaking I chose to talk about leading mindsets (with thanks to my friend and mentor David Chard for providing much of the core content!).  Essentially the speech covered listening skills and core assumptions that successful leaders make when engaging others.  It actually gives me material for ten good posts, so I’m not going to go into it all now.

The interesting observation for me is how closely public speaking is linked to leadership.  Of course, verbal communications skills and good public speaking abilities are attributes in any leader, but as I was delivering the speech on Saturday I started reflecting on why.

As a public speaker the main challenge is to get an audience aligned behind your vision of a particular topic.  Good speakers don’t educate, they inspire.  Inevitably there will be some people in the audience who don’t share your vision.  You can’t go down and speak to them one on one and there is only so much attention you can give to any one person in the audience, so what you end up doing is looking for the faces that are nodding, smiling and giving you visual cues that they understand and agree with you.  You then focus your attention on them and rely on them to inspire and motivate the others.

You also need to tailor your message.  Speaking to a room full of people who are almost all listening to a second language, it’s important to adapt your own presentation so that you speak to everyone at a level they can identify with.  Again, some will follow more completely than others, but I did have a few people come up to me after the presentation to get clarification.  The meaning of your communication is the response that you get – if people don’t quite understand what you meant then you need to find other ways of explaining it until their understanding and your intended meaning are aligned.

Finally, you need to give people something they can take away and practice.  If you want to change behaviour – which is often what leadership and public speaking are all about – you need to package that behaviour into discrete actions or goals that people can take away with them.  Effective speakers – and effective leaders – leave their audience asking “How am I going to make this happen?”  Less effective speakers leave people asking “Why should I care?”

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is home just a memory?

I’m back in Newcastle upon Tyne, the nearest thing I have to a home town – for the first time in 16 years.  It’s an interesting experience – superficially the place is very much as I remember it but the more time I spend here the more I release how much it has changed.  Not all the changes are pleasant – a lot of the things that made the city unique and different have been standardized and commoditized and much of the life seems to have disappeared.

I was at the Quayside market yesterday and, for all the amazing work done to renovate and reinvigorate what used to be a pretty shabby part of town, I missed the noise and bustle that I remember from the days when, as a student, I used to go down there to buy meat from a fast talking Geordie pitching off the back of a refrigeration truck.  It all seemed very generic – not really significantly different from a weekend market in Australia (except for the howling gale that threatened to blow some of the stalls into  the freezing waters of the Tyne.)

Newcastle (or, as it’s now officially known, NewcastleGateshead – and I’d love to get my hands on the bureaucrat that made that decision) was always a great place to live.  I’m sure it’s a still a great place to live and if I’d come here without a history in the city I have no doubt that I’d find it as vibrant and exciting as all the billboards and ads say it is.

But when every street corner comes with a slew of memories and so many of the changes seem so sudden and so brash, I find myself wondering whether my idea of Brand Newcastle is based on anything other than than an idealised picture of a city that never was.  I was really looking forward to coming home and, now that I’m here, it doesn’t really feel like home anymore.

I’m still having a great time and it’s great to be able to point out to my family the places I used to live, work and play, but when I leave the city I think I’ll miss it a little less than I used to.  It will feel a less like an au-revoir than it does a goodbye.

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visualizing the internet

An interesting data visualization graphic at bbcnews.com shows the 100 top Internet sites. There’s a lot of interesting comparisons – Facebook, of course, is massively dominant in social media but MySpace and Friendster don’t even register.

The graphic is based on a Nielsen study of unique visitors in January 2010 (links to Excel sheet with raw data) from the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Brazil, US and Australia.

From a communications perspective, one interesting observation is the extent to which “traditional” broadcast media outlets – Fox News, CNN, CBS, BBC, etc. dominate the media/news section but only two print titles – New York Times and Tribune Newspapers register (though Tribune is a bit of a cheat, really). [...] Continue Reading…

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belief in science education

Like Professor Richard Dawkins, of whose writing, ideas and philosophy I am a long time admirer, I maintain that evolution by natural selection is a fact. However, it is also true that, while the general principles are known and understood, there remain questions about the exact mechanism and process of evolution that science continues to address. [...] Continue Reading…

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